As the charging infrastructure continues to expand and electric vehicles (EVs) become increasingly accessible and affordable, owning an electric vehicle is now a realistic possibility. With nearly all major original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) providing dependable EV options, purchasing an electric vehicle is a wise decision.
However, regardless of the EV model you select, ensuring a seamless ownership experience hinges on proper maintenance and care. Similar to other battery-operated devices and machinery, EVs require regular maintenance to achieve optimal performance. Therefore, whether you are considering the purchase of an electric vehicle or already own one, here are some essential maintenance practices to maximize the benefits of your EV.
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(A) Battery Health & Charging Techniques
The battery serves as the crucial element of an electric vehicle (EV), fundamentally influencing its performance and reliability. Given its significance, it is essential for EV owners to prioritize proper battery health and charging practices. EV batteries are designed to deliver optimal performance over their lifespan, and the maintenance approach adopted will significantly impact the longevity of the vehicle. Adhering to a few straightforward guidelines can help ensure the health of your EV’s battery.
1. Avoid overcharging your battery- One of the primary factors contributing to premature dysfunction of electric vehicle (EV) batteries is overcharging. It is essential to assess the duration of your trip and determine the necessary charging requirements. For shorter journeys, it is advisable not to charge the battery to its full capacity. Although this may seem counterintuitive, fully charging the EV battery can lead to accelerated wear. Maintaining the battery charge between 30% and 85% is recommended for optimal health.
To achieve this, consider using charging timers or monitoring the charging process closely. Conversely, for longer trips, it is appropriate to charge the battery to its maximum capacity. If your battery level falls below 20%, ensure that you recharge it promptly.
2. Avoid undercharging your battery- Just as overcharging can be detrimental, undercharging a battery is equally harmful. To prevent battery degradation, it is important not to undercharge the batteries of electric vehicles (EVs). Additionally, avoid leaving your EV with little or no charge for extended periods, as this can negatively impact battery health and lead to faster depletion. It is advisable to maintain a minimum charge of 20%.
3. Fast Charge only when needed- Electric vehicles today offer rapid charging capabilities; however, it is advisable to utilize these speeds only when necessary. Frequent use of fast chargers can significantly impact the battery’s overall health, as the heat generated during fast charging can adversely affect its longevity.
4. Over battery exposure to high temperatures- All types of car batteries are adversely affected by extreme temperatures. Very low temperatures can reduce the battery’s range, while excessive heat can cause significant deterioration. It is advisable to park your electric vehicles in shaded areas to avoid exposure to high temperatures.
5. Home Charging Solutions- Setting up a home charging station ensures that your electric vehicle is consistently prepared for use. A Level 2 charger offers rapid charging capabilities and enhanced convenience. While longer trips may require access to public charging facilities, you can safely charge your EV at home for everyday use.
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(B) Maintenance of Electric Motor & Other Components
The electric motor is a crucial element in any electric vehicle. While the motor typically demands minimal maintenance, it is advisable to monitor its condition to ensure optimal performance. Below are some straightforward tips to help maintain the motor and other electrical components effectively.
1. Inspecting the motor regularly- The electric vehicle (EV) motor is susceptible to accumulating dust, debris, and various contaminants. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate regular cleaning of the motor into your EV maintenance routine. Additionally, periodic inspections should be conducted to identify any potential damage or unusual noises. It is also important to monitor the cooling system by checking for fluid leaks or any warning indicators on the dashboard to ensure the motor operates efficiently.
2. Adopting good driving habits- Electric vehicles provide a thrilling driving experience; however, it is essential to remember that your driving habits significantly affect the longevity of your EV’s motor. To maintain optimal performance, refrain from sudden acceleration or deceleration, harsh braking, and braking while accelerating. Instead, adopt a smooth and controlled driving style to ensure your electric vehicle operates at its best.
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(C) Maintenance of the Brakes & Braking System
The battery and motor are undoubtedly the primary components of electric vehicles, but the brakes and braking system are a close second in importance. Many contemporary electric vehicles are equipped with regenerative braking, which highlights the necessity of maintaining the braking system. Additionally, electric vehicles that utilize traditional braking systems still rely on components such as pads, drums, and brake fluids, similar to internal combustion engine vehicles. Therefore, it is crucial not to neglect the maintenance of brakes and the braking system.
Examine the brake pads and discs for any indications of wear. If any deterioration is detected, ensure they are replaced. Regenerative braking harnesses kinetic energy to decelerate an electric vehicle, resulting in reduced reliance on traditional brakes, which can lead to rust formation and premature brake degradation. It is essential to routinely check and replace brake fluids, and to be vigilant for any unusual sounds or vibrations during braking.
(D) Maintenance of Tires
A vehicle cannot operate effectively without tires, and this principle applies equally to electric vehicles (EVs). Tires play a crucial role in the performance and safety of EVs, as they are essential for managing the higher instantaneous torque that these vehicles generate, which in turn influences the wear and tear on the wheels.
Regularly inspect your tires for significant wear and tear, and rotate them at consistent intervals to maintain even tread depth across all four wheels. Consistent tire rotation can help prevent premature tire replacement. Additionally, ensure that wheel alignment and balancing are current to support optimal performance. It is important to check tire air pressure frequently, which can be easily done at home with a pressure gauge available for purchase on Amazon. Keep in mind that low tire pressure can lead to increased battery consumption, so it is essential to maintain adequate air levels in your tires at all times.
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(E) Regular Servicing of EV
Regular maintenance of electric vehicles (EVs) is essential for ensuring their longevity. Like traditional vehicles, EVs require periodic servicing to sustain optimal performance. Adhering to the maintenance schedule provided by your EV manufacturer is important, and it is generally recommended to service your EV after it has traveled between 20,000 and 25,000 kilometers.
(F) Keeping Software Up to Date
Electric vehicle manufacturers implement regular software updates for their models. It is essential for EV owners to verify that their vehicles are equipped with the most recent software to achieve optimal performance. While some electric vehicles are equipped with an automatic over-the-air (OTA) update feature, it is still advisable to monitor for new software releases. Neglecting these updates can result in performance issues, as software plays a crucial role in ensuring the seamless operation of electric vehicles.
(G) Getting EV Insured
When you own an electric vehicle, it is essential to invest in a suitable insurance plan. You can easily purchase insurance policies online through a straightforward process, which often includes coverage for battery depletion and charging equipment. Take the time to compare different plans to find the one that best meets your needs.
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(H) Self-Inspection & Cleaning of EV
Maintaining a vehicle entails a commitment to cleanliness and hygiene, and this principle applies equally to electric vehicles. It is essential to routinely examine both the exterior and interior of your EV, looking for issues such as damaged cables, loose connections, and worn tires. Conducting these inspections proactively can help you prevent potential problems before they occur.
It is essential to maintain the cleanliness of your electric vehicle both inside and outside. Regularly wash the exterior to eliminate stains and dirt, ensuring to focus on the charging port area for optimal charging performance. Additionally, clean the dashboard, seats, door handles, and all other components that contribute to the overall appearance of your EV.
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(I) Park EV with Care
When parking your electric vehicle for an extended duration, ensure that the parking area maintains a moderate temperature to avoid exposure to extreme cold or heat. Additionally, it is advisable to keep the battery charge at approximately 50%.
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